SYSTEMIC LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION AND PHYSICAL LOAD IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE (NARRATIVE)
Keywords:
COPD, cytokines, physical activity, physical therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation.Abstract
Abstract. Modern approaches to understanding systemic low-grade inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary inflammation, the impact of exercise on the status of inflammation, and the ability to personalize physical therapy in this group of patients have presented in article. Materials and methods. This is a narrative review. The data were searched in a database in the field of medicine and biology at the PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, NCBI) and the Google Scholar Search Engine. The total number of articles in the search list was 243, after selection by year of publication (last 5 years) – 107, of which only 55 – research with the participation of patients. COPD is characterized by persistent restriction of airflow and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract. However, COPD is not a local disease; it has clear systemic manifestations caused by low-grade systemic inflammation. Regulation of systemic inflammation in COPD is provided by a large number of mediators. Among them are the group of cytokines – IL‑1, IL‑6, IL‑8, IL‑10, TNF‑α, adhesion molecules, adipokinins, myokines, leptin. Increased levels of IL‑6, IL‑8 cytokines and decreased serum concentrations of IL‑4 in patients with severe COPD is a negative prognostic factor, suggesting impaired cytokine regulatory function and contributes to the maintenance of the inflammatory process in the respiratory tract. Conclusions. Exercise and pulmonary rehabilitation programs have a regulatory effect on the level and ratio of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood of COPD patients. A number of studies indicate the benefits of aerobic exercise for this group of patients.
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